Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2010 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 12 Articles
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatitis disease that manifests on the skin, affecting 2-3% of the population. Many treatments are available, none is universally safe and effective. Therefore, there is need to prepare polyherbal formulations to provide safe and effective treatment with lesser side effects. The present study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of poly herbal formulations, Psoriasis Tablet and Oil, in patients with mild to moderate psoriasis. This was 3 months, open-labeled study of psoriasis tablets and oil in 20 patients suffering from mild to moderate psoriasis. Patients received 2 tablets thrice daily for 3 months and Oil to be applied over the affected area twice daily for 3 months. The efficacy was evaluated on the basis of parameters of psoriasis area severity index (PASI) and physician’s and patient’s global evaluation at follow- up visits. Twenty patients completed the study with reduction in symptoms of psoriasis to varying degrees. At end of month 1, 2 and 3, mean score of itching had a reduction 30.43, 58.69 and 80.43% and mean score of erythema had a fall of 25, 63.33 and 81.66% and mean score of scaling had a fall of 28.57, 67.85 and 83.93% and mean score of thickness had a fall of 28.79, 53.03 and 65.15% respectively. Global assessment by the physicians and patients indicated slight to cleared response. This study confirms the efficacy and safety of psoriasis tablets and oil in Indian patients with mild to moderate psoriasis....
Although The American Society of Anaesthesiologists' (ASA) Classification of Physical Health is a widely used grading system for preoperative health of the surgical patients, multiple variations were observed between individual anaesthetist’s assessments when describing common clinical problems. This article reviews the current knowledge and evaluation regarding ASA Classification of Physical Health as well as trials for possible modification....
Patients with suspected myasthenia gravis may be posted for diagnostic tests like tensilon test. Such patients may pose unique concerns during the procedure. 34-year female presented in the opthalomology clinic with complaints of drooping of eyelids. Etiology of this symptom was suspected to be myasthenia gravis. For confirmation she was posted for tensilon test. In the operating room, after attaching routine monitors, intravenous access was secured. Papillary aperture was noted. 0.5 mg of neostigmine was administered to see its sensitivity. Then 2 mg of neostigmine was administered intravenously. Soon after, fasciculations were observed through out the body and nystagmus was noted. Patient complained of severe retching followed be vomiting. Four mg of ondansetron was given intravenously. The pupillary aperture increased indicating improvement in the muscle power thus confirming the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis....
To document the frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in mid Karnataka region and to compare it with reports of previous studies. Design: Observational cross sectional study. Settings: Blood transfusion center at Davanagere, Karnataka. Materials & Methods: The data of blood donors from July 2009 to December 2009. Observation: Total number of donors studied was 3048. Present study showed more number prevalence of O blood group in 37.87% followed by B in 29.98%, A in 23.88% and AB in 8.29%. While 95.41% donors were Rh +ve & 4.59% were Rh –ve. The maximum donors were between in age group 20-39 years. Conclusion: O’ Blood group has number subjects compare to ABO blood groups and 95.41% are Rh +ve in this area....
To study comparative effectiveness of carvedilol and bisoprolol on the levels of neurohumoral factors in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods. Examined 92 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, complicated by CHF. Patients having myocardial infarction within 6 months – 3 years were randomly assigned to re¬ceive bisoprolol or carvedilol. The patients were divided into two groups: 1 - 44 patients treated on standard therapy and BAB, which has α1-, β1-and β2 - blocking properties - carvedilol; 2 - 48 patients treated on standard therapy – and highly selective BAB - bisoprolol. BAB titration was performed from 3,125 to 25-50 mg/day assigned dose for - carvedilol and 1.25 to 10 mg/day assigned dose for - bisoprolol. Results. Patients with FC II had increased amount of BNP by 181,8% (p <0,001), and patients with FC III by 319.5% (p <0,001) compared with the control group. There was also a significant increase of aldosterone in both groups of patients: in patients with FC II, level of aldosterone increased by 36.8% (p<0,001) compared with the control group. In patients with FC III it was 66.4% (p<0,001). Aldosterone levels increased by 1,3-fold in FC II and 1.6-fold in FC III. Conclusion. Six-month carvedilol therapy of CHF significantly decreased BNP and aldosterone in patients with both FC II and III. Six-month bisoprolol therapy of CHF also leads to a significant decrease in BNP and...
Low birth weight (LBW) is a termed used to describe babies who are born weighing less than 2500gms. Folic acid is an essential nutrient for cell replication and gene expression in fetus. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of utilization of folic acid during pregnancy on the birth weight of the newborn baby. Study design: Data about utilization of folic acid during pregnancy along with birth weight of new born babies was recorded on a structured questionnaire. In order to test for association between two variables, a chi-square test was applied using SPSS software. Results: 26.8% new born babies were found to have LBW. 60.2% women reported having not taken folic acid during pregnancy and of these 30.1% delivered LBW babies. Of the 26.8% LBW babies delivered, 67.6% were born to women not taking folic acid as against 32.4% born to women utilizing folic acid during pregnancy. Conclusion: Pregnant women are at a risk of folate deficiency because pregnancy significantly increases the folate requirement especially during the period of rapid foetal growth Hence periconceptional use of folic acid containing supplements reduces the incidence of LBW babies....
Objective: To compare the efficacy & tolerability of Lorazepam and Levetiracetam in alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Method and Materials: This was a 15 days, randomized, parallel, double blind comparative study. Fifty out-patients with mean age 35.38 ± 7.00 years, with mild to moderate alcohol withdrawal syndrome were enrolled for study after obtaining informed written consent. Levetiracetam 500 mg capsules and lorazepam 2 mg capsules were prescribed for 5 days. Main outcome measures: Primary variables were CIWA-Ar total score and CGI- scale. Other variables included global assessments of safety and tolerability. Results : In both groups, from 2nd day all participants had achieved a clinically relevant improvement of their withdrawal symptoms on CIWA-Ar. There was drastic reduction on the scores of CIWA-Ar scale and CGI-S scale, and increment on CGI-I scale, from baseline to day 7 & day 15. These changes were statistically highly significant (p 0.001), which shown that both drugs were efficacious in the treatment of acute mild to moderate alcohol withdrawal syndrome. But there were no statistically significant differences between the both treatment groups on day 7 & day 15 in all efficacy measures, so that the results obtained with these treatment schemes can be considered as equal. Side-effects were more common in the lorazepam group than in the levetiracetam group. The most frequently reported side-effect of lorazepam was daytime sleepiness. Conclusions: From the present study it can be concluded that, levetiracetam is equivalent in efficacy and better in tolerability to lorazepam in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Because levetiracetam has less side-effects and less interaction with alcohol, therefore levetiracetam may be used safely in alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Interest of study: No conflict of study....
To study brain type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and aldosterone (AL) levels in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) complicated by chronic heart failure (CHF) functional classes (FC) II and III and identify relationship between the changes in the levels of these neurohormones and severity of CHF and localization of myocardial infarction. Examined 92 patients with PICS complicated by CHF. Patients having myocardial infarction within 6 months – 3 years were randomly selected. NYHA classes were determined analyzing six-minute walk test (6′WT). Patients with FC II CHF were 48, and FC III - 44 patients. In patients with CHF, activation of the neurohumoral factors were marked which characterized by increasing concentrations of BNP and aldosterone in all examined patients. Mid-high increase in BNP was noted in 54.3% of examined patients, aldosterone in 62.8% of patients. High level of BNP, i.e. values above the median, was observed in 45.7% and aldosterone - in 37,2% of patients with FC II CHF. Patients with FC II had more mid-high levels of neurohumoral factors, whereas in patients with FC III noted the predominance of high levels of BNP and aldosterone. According to ECG and past history, 19 patients (54.3%) had anterior MI, while 16 patients (45,7%) had posterior MI. 68.4% patients with FC II experiencing anterior MI had high BNP level, whereas 81.2% patients had mid-high level of this hormone in the posterior localization. Similar changes were observed in patients with FC III. Patients with PICS complicated by CHF had elevated levels of BNP and Al in blood and levels of these neurohumoral markers correlate with the severity of CHF. High level of BNP and AL, regardless of severity of CHF was observed mainly in anterior M....
Maintenance of paediatric airway is a challenge in view of anatomical and physiological differences as compared to adult airway. In addition, there could be some associated anomalies making paediatric airway more difficult. We present the various anatomical and pysiological differences and assessment of paediatric airway....
The pharmacokinetics of fluconazole were investigated in 18 disinfected subjects divided into two groups, group one 9 normal subjects {mean ± standard deviation age, 48.210 ± 7.390 year; weight, 76.890 ± 6.850 kg} and group two 9 patients with end – stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving long term thrice- weakly haemodialysis {mean ± standard deviation age, 53.415 ± 7.512 year; weight, 73.780 ± 4.270 kg} after the administration of a single oral 150 mg dose. For haemodialysis patients the study was done inter-dialysis i.e. day without dialysis and intra-dialysis i.e. during dialysis. Specific HPLC method and standard pharmacokinetic calculations were used to calculate fluconazole pharmacokinetic parameters. In healthy subjects, the peak plasma level (Cmax) averaged 956.231 ± 9.296 ng/ml and was obtained at 3 hr; the absorption rate constant (kab) was 1.675 ± 1.443h-1, the absorption half – life (t½ab) was 0.585 ± 0.288 hr. The elimination rate constant ( kel ) was 0.19 ± 0.003 h-1, the terminal half – life( t ½el) was 33.696± 4.333 hr. Area under the curve( AUC 0-72) was 17864.268 ± 731.527 ng/ml/hr and (AUC 0- ∞ ) was 25174.729 ± 1340.582 ng.ml/hr, total clearance rate was 0.099 ± 0.005 ml/min. In haemodialysis patients the peak plasma level (Cmax) averaged 947.410 ± 29.549 ng/ml and was obtained at 3.111 ± 0.333 hr; the absorption rate constant (kab) was 0.818 ± 0.887 h-1, the absorption half – life ( t½ab) was 1.286 ± 0.557 hr. The elimination rate constant( kel ) was 0.021 ± 0.003 h-1 , the terminal half – life( t ½) was 36.448 ± 3.896 hr. Area under the curve (AUC 0-72) was 33070 ± 11091.607ng.ml/hr, and( AUC 0-∞) was 48948.848 ± 4622.145 ng.ml/hr, respectively, total clearance rate(TCR) was 0.055 ± 0.005 ml/min . Some pharmacokinetic parameters during dialysis were determined as (K el ), (t½el ) and (Vd), also% Extraction Fraction (EF) during dialysis for each patient was calculated. Statistical analysis of pharmacokinetic data of the two groups revealed that renal failure did not significantly modify neither the peak plasma level nor the time to peak level. In renal failure patients there was significant increase at P < 0.01 in AUC0-72 and at P < 0.001in AUC72-∞, decrease in K el reflecting increase in t½el and significant increase in Vd and TCR both at P < 0.001. Fluconazole removed during haemodialysis and dosage adjustment in renal failure patients is essential....
Objectives: The study of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone level and to find the prevalence of hypo and hyperthyroidism in middle age group of Males and females and Comparison between them. Setting: significance of TSH level in Diagnosis of Hypo and Hyper thyroidism. Design: The study involved 498 suspected cases of thyroid dysfunction ranging in the age group 25 to 50 years only at SSIMS&RC, Davanagere, Karnataka, South India. Duration of the Study: January 2009 to December 2009. Material and methods: The inclusion criteria adapted were age group 25-50 years, newly diagnosed and untreated cases for hypo and hyperthyroidism. Data about the patient age, sex, clinical symptoms confirmed directly by the patients were collected by a pretested and pre diagnosed proforma with informed consent from the patient. 5ml of blood sample was collected from each patient after an overnight past serum was used to estimate TSH level by using Chemilumiscent method. Results: Out of 498 suspected case of thyroid dysfunction 131 were found to be actually suffering from the diseases as confirmed by TSH concentration level. About 83 (15.33%) of 113 females were suffered from Hypothyroidism and other 30 (05.99%) from hyperthyroidism. About 15 (3.01%) of 19 males were suffered from hypothyroidism and 4 (01.13%) were suffered by hyperthyroidism. Hypo and Hyperthyroidism were maximum in the age group of 35-44 years of 42.17% and 25-34 years about 60% in the females and that in males were between the age group 25-34 years and above 45 years of 42.86% and 50% in 25-34 years age group respectively. Conclusion: Significant of Hypo and Hyperthyroidism is more predominant in middle age groups of both male and female....
The present study was aimed to analyze the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in general practice at Nagpur region and prevalence of diabetes in different age groups. The study was conducted on the patients purchasing the medication from the retail outlets of Nagpur region. A questionnaire was prepared which had been designed after analyzing the literature and research papers. The complete prescriptions of the diabetic patients were monitored and data was filled. A total of 500 prescriptions were evaluated. The study revealed that males (55.11%) predominated over females (44.88%) as far as prevalence of diabetes is concerned. The disease was observed to be more in age group of 51-60 years. The drug therapy with oral hypoglycemic was the highest (87.55%). Furthermore the oral hypoglycemic agents were prescribed either alone (50.76%) or in combination of two (38.57%) or three drugs (10.65%). Amongst the single oral hypoglycemic drug prescribed, metformin (49.%) was found to be the highest and lowest for rosiglitazone (1%).In prescriptions containing combination of two drugs, highest % was found to be with glibenclamide and metformin (43.4%) and lowest with glibenclamide and glimepride (1.31%). The percentage of prescriptions containing combination of three drugs was found to be the maximum with gliclazide, glipizide and metformin (76.16%) while % of prescriptions containing combinations of glipizide, glibenclamide and metformin as well as glibenclamide, metformin and rosiglitazone was found to be equally less (4.76%). Hypertension was most common disease associated with diabetes mellitus II. About 60 % of prescriptions were containing hypoglycemic agents along with antihypertensive....
Loading....